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    Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka 2022, nr 4 (XLIX): Stress in uniformed services
    (Oficyna Wydawnicza AFM, 2022) Ostrowska, Monika; Mazur, Sławomir; Janik, Krzysztof; Skowroński, Andrzej; Podlasiński, Cezary; Gut, Jerzy; Niedziela, Kamil; Mihalčová, Bohuslava; Pružinský, Michal; Osmólska, Iwona; Pruchniak, Józef; Stojecka-Zuber, Renata; Nowak, Zbigniew; Nagody-Mrozowicz, Kazimierz; Mrozowicz, Konstanty; Wojtycza, Janusz
    Introduction: "The term stress has become very popular in recent years. Although widely used, it is still ambiguous. It is applied when referring to uncommon, traumatic events, but also with regard to everyday life situations and related experiences. The concept of stress is derived from the works of physiologist Walter Cannon and endocrinologist Hans Selye and concerns primarily biological stress considered in terms of reactions to present stimuli. Any symptoms of maladjustment or lack of adaptation are treated as indicators of stress. Cannon used the term stress to describe the ‘fight or flight’ response triggered to restore the disturbed balance of the body as a result of the activity of disruptive stimuli."(...)
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    Burnout in the police officers serving at Krakow Constabulary
    (Oficyna Wydawnicza AFM, 2022) Ostrowska, Monika; Stojecka-Zuber, Renata; Nowak, Zbigniew
    Undoubtedly, serving as a police officer is associated with a high level of occupational stress. The stressfulness of this profession, which keeps increasing every year, results from several reasons, of which the most important ones include frequent participation in difficult and sometimes dramatic situations, endangering one’s own life and the lives of others, making quick decisions, bearing the burden of a potentially unjustified use of weapons, and exposure to trauma and other traumatic experiences of other people. The high level of stress related to the profession of a police officer is also associated with other factors, such as low wages, shifts, or paperwork. This paper looks at the notion and consequences of burnout among police officers on the example of the Krakow Constabulary. The study rests on a detailed survey of 110 officers based on the application of the ANOVA method of analysis of variance.