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    Essentials of the Relevant Issue Gravity (RIG) Strength: A Theoretical Framework for Understanding the Comparison Question Test (CQT)
    (Oficyna Wydawnicza AFM, 2019) Ginton, Avital
    The essentials of the Relevant Issue Gravity (RIG) theoretical framework for explaining the Comparison Question Test (CQT) (Ginton, 2009), is presented here in a detailed outline format. It is based on the notion that examinees who lie on the test in the relevant questions are attached psychologically to the relevant issue in a diff erent way than the truth-tellers. An essential diff erence is the strength by which the suspect’s attention is directed, focused, and bound to the relevant issue. Th ese aspects of attention in the context of polygraph examinations are coined, Relevant Issue Gravity (RIG) Strength. Th e RIG strength is assumed to distribute diff erently between the liars and the truth-tellers. Th ere is reason to believe that liars hold a stronger RIG compared to the truthful subjects, and eventually, that affects the differential reactivity to the relevant vs. comparison questions. Th e following describes the rationale behind the RIG concept, some supporting data, and the theoretical as well as practical implications.
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    European Polygraph 2022, Volume 16, Number 2 (56)
    (Oficyna Wydawnicza AFM, 2022) Ginton, Avital; Dzida, Jagoda; Widacki, Jan; Wójcik, Bartosz; Szuba-Boroń, Anna; Horvath, Frank; Shapovalov, Vitaliy
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    European Polygraph 2024, Volume 18, Number 1 (59)
    (Oficyna Wydawnicza AFM, 2024) Perez-Campos Mayoral, Eduardo; Perez-Campos, Eduardo L.; Pérez Campos Peláez, Fernanda Paola; Pérez Campos Peláezd, Rashna Juliette; Widacki, Jan; Matte, James Allan; Porzycki, Konrad
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    From Ancient Oracles to Modern Techniques: The Evolution of Deception Detection and the Benefits of Investigative Interviewing
    (Oficyna Wydawnicza AFM, 2024) Perez-Campos Mayoral, Eduardo; Perez-Campos, Eduardo L.; Pérez Campos Peláez, Fernanda Paola; Pérez Campos Peláezd, Rashna Juliette
    Throughout history, different methods and instrumental designs have been used to identify and obtain the truth. Some of the methods described in this work are based on myths that have remained over time, but due to this legacy are unlikely to be applied, such as the Osiris judgment. In this study, we analyzed the characteristics of these methods, such as the period in which they were used, their scientific validation, and their passive or active approach according to the literature. Some approaches have established the theoretical foundations for the development of more precise technologies that are currently used, such as the Bisha Bedouin Court System (ordeal by fire), which is based on arousal theory (response). This work also includes innovative applications such as the use of interview techniques to detect deception, which stands out for their wide spectrum of use in different contexts. Finally, we mention elements of investigative interview models and highlight the benefits of using verbal approaches to detect deception.
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    The Effect of Training on the Effectiveness of Deception Detection
    (Oficyna Wydawnicza AFM, 2022) Dzida, Jagoda
    The research conducted aims at determining the impact of short training on the trainee’s ability to detect deception with the use of non-instrumental methods of detection of deception. As the criminal procedure permits such methods of detection of deception, the results of the research are practical. The research was carried out on a group of participants given the task to watch a video recording and conclude whether the person presented told the truth or lied. Subsequently, the participants were given a short training on both verbal and non-verbal deception cues, illustrated with examples taken from the video they had watched. In the second leg of the test, the participants watched another video and decided whether the person presented was truthful or deceptive (on the grounds of deception cues they spotted). The results showed that the training improved participants’ ability to detect deception by c. 22%.