Przeglądaj wg Słowo kluczowe "economic defence"

Teraz wyświetlane 1 - 2 z 2
  • Miniatura
    Pozycja
    Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka 2022, nr 3 (XLVIII): The Total Defence 21st century.COM – building a resilient society
    (Oficyna Wydawnicza AFM, 2022) Lasoń, Marcin; Klisz, Maciej; Elak, Leszek; Jones, Derek; Love, J. Bryant; Borkowski, Robert; Reczkowski, Robert; Lis, Andrzej; Czarny, Roman S.; Kubiak, Krzysztof; Michalak, Artur; Bonomi, Nicola; Bergonzini, Stefano; Majchrowska, Elżbieta; Wiśniewska-Paź, Barbara; Polko, Paulina; Mehan, Brian; Fiala, Otto C.; Allers, Edgars; Śliwa, Zdzisław; Fabian, Sandor; Johanson, Terry; Grzela, Joanna; Bērziņš, Jānis; Stringer, Kevin D.; Issa, Alex; Grandi, Marco Massimo; Łazarek, Sławomir; Lipert-Sowa, Monika; Lakomy, Miron; Kuśmirek, Karolina; Marcinko, Marcin; Matyók, Thomas; Zajc, Srečko; Pieczywok, Andrzej; Czornik, Katarzyna; Urych, Ilona; Leśniewski, Zbigniew; Lech, Kamila; Laskowski, Mirosław; Pietrzak, Patrycja; Czernik, Paulina; Halicka, Barbara; Ostolski, Paweł Rafał; Marek, Michał
    Introduction: "When we started working on the issue entitled “The Total Defence 21st century. COM – building a resilient society”, we did not know then how topical this issue would become. We were aware of its importance, especially since 2014, which was the beginning of the Russian aggression against Ukraine. However, we did not think that the need to build an effective concept of total/comprehensive defence, and then its implementation, would become so pressing in February 2022. Two of the three general regularities in the history of international relations have also become extremely topical. We are talking about the clash between imperial and polyarchic tendencies, and nations’ desire to express their independence and identity, and as a result, to have their own state. It can be assumed that in order to achieve this goal, as well as for small and medium-sized states to be able to defend themselves against the forces of empires and effectively deter them, they must use the concept of total/comprehensive defence, in its improved, 21st century version."(...)
  • Miniatura
    Pozycja
    Economic defence as one of the pillars of total defence – the case of RTAs as an instrument of strengthening the EU’s competitiveness on foreign markets
    (Oficyna Wydawnicza AFM, 2022) Majchrowska, Elżbieta
    Dynamic changes taking place in the global economy make it necessary to function in a complex and unstable economic environment, to which economies must constantly adapt. This compels entities such as the European Union to systematically review and appropriately shape its foreign policy, which involves taking actions to build resilience to crises and secure commercial interests. Particularly in view of the weakening position of the organisation globally managing international trade, the EU focuses on the implementation of Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs), which are an increasingly important element of EU trade policy and are aimed at strengthening the EU’s competitive position in the global economy and building resilience to crises, which bolsters its economic defence. These aspects constitute an important and current research problem, especially in the context of current events in the global economy. The aim of this article is to present EU trade agreements in the context of their importance for the economic defence of the trade bloc, as well as to analyse the changes that have been introduced in the EU trade policy in the last two decades in relation to this issue. The analysis is based mainly on original materials and scientific studies on EU trade policy, as well as data from the European Commission and the World Trade Organisation (WTO). The analytical and descriptive methods were mainly used. The results of the analysis carried out in the article showed that the implemented trade agreements lead to the strengthening of the competitive position of the EU and the strengthening of economic defence. By taking these actions, the EU is perceived as a pillar of the economic security of the Member States.