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    A new “gathering of Russian lands”: Russia’s return to imperialism
    (Oficyna Wydawnicza AFM, 2022) Jach, Anna
    This article looks at the contemporary rebuilding of the sphere of influence of the Russian Federation, which covers the area of the so-called “near abroad”. The choice of the tactics results from the possible influence of the Russian state in this area. Thus, in addition to using the techniques of the so-called soft power, the catalogue includes primarily those activities that enable Russian decision-makers to manage conflict. The process of ‘claiming Russian land back’, initiated since the collapse of the bipolar system, should be interpreted as a political imperative to return to imperial politics. The instruments for their implementation were both traditionally understood leadership in the world, when the fate of all states and nations was decided by the greatest powers, to which Russia belonged from the first half of the nineteenth century. Another very effective tool for restoring the status quo ante of the ‘Russian empire’ turned out to be the ancient Roman strategy of divide et impera, an approach that has made it possible, from the very beginning, for the Russian Federation to strive to restore its hegemonic position in the territory of the countries that once formed the Soviet Union with it. The inability to impose sovereignty by such a soft influence or to inspire and extinguish potential conflicts has led to the armed assertion of its rights by Russia. Consequently, the policy adopted by Russian decision-makers may not only cause an armed conflict on a large European scale, but also other artificially induced cataclysms, difficult to predict, the consequences of which will have to be handled by the future generations.
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    Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka 2022, nr 1 (XLVI): Security Strategies in Times of Uncertainty
    (Oficyna Wydawnicza AFM, 2022) Molo, Beata; Kleinwächter, Lutz; Lapins, Wulf; Diec, Joachim; Jach, Anna; Pachucki-Włosek, Krystian; Kamola-Cieślik, Małgorzata; Paszkowski, Michał; Adamczyk, Natalia; Baziur, Grzegorz; Stępniewska-Szydłowska, Paulina; Tyborowska, Patrycja; Pradetto, August; Gärtner, Heinz; Kruk, Aleksandra; Grudzińska, Adrianna; Khmilevska, Polina
    Introduction: "We are pleased to present our readers with this recent issue of our journal “Security. Theory and Practice”. This time, it features a vast array of studies that look at issues related to security strategies. The Articles and Materials section opens with the article by Wulf Lapins, entitled EU-Strategien im Wandel von Zeit und Situation, which offers a synthetic approach to the developed and implemented strategies of the European Union. The paper by Joachim Diec Demography as a security strategy factor in Poland and the Russian Federation focuses on the perception of demographic security in Poland and Russia as a major facet of social and state security. The author concludes that the Polish political narrative and the declared set of state goals focus more on the social sphere, while the Russian rhetoric and politics are more state-oriented. The contemporary rebuilding of the sphere of influence of the Russian Federation, covering the area of the so-called “near abroad”, has been scrutinised by Anna Jach in her article A new “gathering of Russian lands”: Russia’s return to imperialism."(...)
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    Cesarstwo (zachodnie?) Karola Wielkiego (kilka kontekstów i uwag)
    (Oficyna Wydawnicza AFM, 2017) Szlachta, Bogdan
    Artykuł omawia problemy związane z przyczynami pojawienia się i procesem kształtowania cesarstwa na Zachodzie, które pojawiło się w 800 r. po Chr., a także stosunek cesarza Karola względem papiestwa. Z uwzględnieniem kontekstów politycznego (problemy królestw i systemu feudalnego) oraz eklezjalnego (Sobór Nicejski II) omawiane są niezwykle istotne i ogólniejsze debaty historyków o koncepcjach monistycznej i dualistycznej określających relacje między papieżami i cesarzami.