The aim of this article is to present the competences of the State Sanitary Inspection in the scope of conducting sanitary controls. Sanitary inspection is competent for inspecting food facilities, investigating public health nuisances, and implementing disease control. The tasks of the State Sanitary Inspection bodies and its principal competences are set out in the Act on State Sanitary Inspection of 14th March 1985. These laws govern the methods of conducting sanitary controls, including the duty to notify control, rules of authorising employee to act on inspectors authority, duties of providing informations etc. The paper describes also costs of proceedings.