Leukaemia as well as other malignant diseases are still perceived by the polish society as fatal or with poor prognosis while patients suffering from these diseases are often stigmatised. There can be no doubt that the diagnosis of cancer in a child comprises a powerful traumatic stimuli for the child as well as the family. Moreover, providing medical care for a child with cancer, which leukaemia is, poses high requirements for the entire therapeutic team including the nursing care personnel. As far as nursing care is concerned, outcomes of the therapy and quality of care result not only from nurses’ knowledge about the disease itself and its influence on patient’s functioning but also from carefully developed plan of actions directed toward the patient and considering patient’s age, mental status, and the method of applied treatment.